Resumen
A finales del año 2001, el National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel-III (NCEP-ATPIII) publicó su tercer informe para la detección, la evaluación y el tratamiento de la hipercolesterolemia, en el que quedaba patente el prominente papel que tiene el control de la concentración de colesterol de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (cLDL) en la reducción del riesgo cardiovascular. Hoy el cLDL sigue siendo la piedra angular en el tratamiento de la dislipemia, y en este sentido las estatinas son los fármacos más potentes para reducir el cLDL. Al mismo tiempo, las estatinas son los fármacos con evidencias más sólidas de eficacia clínica y reducción de la mortalidad cardiovascular en prevención tanto primaria como secundaria. Por otro lado, cada vez hay más evidencia de que los efectos beneficiosos de las estatinas pueden derivarse de la combinación de diversos efectos pleiotrópicos y de su efecto en otros protagonistas del metabolismo lipídico, como el colesterol de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad y los triglicéridos. Todos estos efectos, unidos a la potente reducción del cLDL de las nuevas estatinas, tienen un papel clave en la disminución del riesgo total que presentan nuestros pacientes.
Palabras clave
Estatinas
Colesterol
Lipoproteínas
Tratamiento
Enfermedad cardiovascular
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Antonio García-Ríos y Javier Delgado Lista han contribuido igualmente en la producción de este artículo
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